Ask anyone who knows me, I love coffee. I love it a lot. I used to do all sorts of silly things that I thought were making my coffee taste better: putting the beans in the freezer, buying expensive pre-ground (Gasp!) beans. I’ve come a long way since then. (Mostly thanks to Alton Brown and Good Eats.) Here’s some stuff I’ve learned:
Contrary to popular belief, freezing your beans is not a good idea. This is for several reasons, the most obvious of which should be all the other crap you probably keep in your freezer. I can’t speak for you, but I prefer my Kona blend without the fishstick undertone.
Another important reason to keep your beans out of the deep freeze is that while the beans are considered a dry good, they are not completely dry. There are oils in the bean which help to give coffee its flavor. Oils are liquid, and liquids freeze.
The issue here is coffee beans (in so far as their flavor is concerned) are really very delicate. The person whose job it is to roast the beans is called a Master Roaster. It’s precision work. A few seconds shorter or longer in the roaster can make all the difference between a robust, smoky flavor and a dead, burnt flavor.
If a few seconds of roasting can destroy a bean, imagine the damage you can do by freezing it. Keep your beans at room temperature in an airtight container. Another thing to keep in mind: the beans release gas. Vent the container from time to time, or you might end up with a beansplosion on your counter.
When using an auto-drip coffee maker (which I avoid whenever I can), remember that cleanliness is key. When I was growing up, my parents didn’t always wash the water reservoir and carafe between uses. I came to think this was normal. When you think about it, though, by doing that you’re allowing all sorts of crap into your coffee that doesn’t need to be there. If you must use an auto-drip, try to get one with a removable water reservoir. Wash it, the carafe, and the grounds basket after every use. Use a coffee maker cleaning product to flush out the works every once in a while. The pump and tubes and stuff pick up mineral deposits from your water that affect the flavor of your coffee. (This is one of the principal reasons I avoid the auto-drip.)
All that said about getting the best use out of your auto-drip, try the manual drip method. It’s just like an auto-drip, but manual (amazing, I know.) Put a funnel with a filter of grounds in it atop a thermal carafe. Heat the water, pour through the grounds. Easy as pie. (A slice of which would go well with a good cup of coffee.)
The advantages of this are significant. Other than the fact that there are no works (tubes, pumps, reservoirs) to get gunked up by mineral deposits and other impurities, you have complete control over just about every aspect of your coffee. You control the water temperature (around 200 degrees for optimal brewing temperature), you control the beans (if you use fresh and grind them yourself), you control the brew time (four to five minutes is optimal.)
With an auto-drip pot, the carafe sits atop a burner to keep the coffee hot. Unfortunately, by heating the coffee, the pot is also destroying the flavor. Using a thermal carafe allows you to keep the coffee hot for a good long time without killing the delicious coffee goodness.
As I mentioned before, it’s best to use fresh beans and grind them yourself. If you buy a bulk can of pre-ground beans, you’re gambling on two important factors: the age of the beans and the age of the grind. Once a bean is roasted, it starts losing its flavor. Once it’s ground, it loses its flavor even faster.
In short, don’t gamble on your beans. Buy in relatively small amounts, and often. I buy mine from the grocery store. (I’m not sure of the rules about mentioning specific brands on a website. The name is synonymous with “really big bird which is the national bird of the United States.”) I buy their house brand whole bean, and have only been disappointed with the freshness once. Try to find out when the shipment comes in and buy accordingly to maximize freshness.
Another place that the freshness of the bean should be assured is from a local coffee house. Find the busiest local coffee house (if it’s busy, it’s probably because they have really good coffee) and buy your beans whole from there.
On the subject of grinding: Grinding your own coffee with any grinder is better than using pre-ground. However, if one had to choose between a blade and burr grinder, one should always go with the burr grinder. The reason for this is the consistency of the grind size. A burr grinder uses two grinding surfaces, one that spins and one that as stationary. The distance of the moving surface from the stationary surface controls the grind size. A blade grinder uses a blade (go figure) and there is no control over grind consistency.
I use a blade grinder, and it works just fine, but a more consistent the grind size makes for a tastier brew.
For something different, try brewing your coffee with a French press (which I’ve seen called an Italian press at least once. I’m not sure why.) Use a coarser grind, add the beans and water, allow to brew for four minutes, and press the plunger slowly all the way to the bottom.
I have a small French press which I use from time to time. It allows more of the oils and particulates (the stuff that gives coffee its flavor) from the bean into the final brew. I think of the French press method as being more faithful to the bean than the drip methods.
As I’ve mentioned, I am not an expert. And while my friends would say that I take my brewing very seriously, I’m not without my bad habits.
For example: I love percolator coffee. (It’s a guilty pleasure of mine.) If you’re not familiar with how a percolator works, the grounds basket sits atop a large urn of water. When the water boils, it runs through a central tube up to the grounds basket, trickles through the grounds, and then the process repeats. This violates two coffee rules. First, the temperature of the water is above 200 degrees (it’s boiling.) Secondly, it continues to heat the coffee after the brewing stops.
Now you know my terrible secret. Please don’t judge me.
Thanks to Alton Brown for teaching me just about everything I know about coffee, and to to about.com for information regarding burr grinders.